This presentation highlights the growing body of strong evidence supporting single-dose HPV vaccination, based on both observational studies (Costa Rica, India) and randomized trials such as the DORIS study in Tanzania. Results show that a single dose elicits immune responses comparable to two or three doses, with stable antibody levels lasting over 10 years and strong antibody binding capacity. The DORIS trial confirmed that, in girls aged 9–14, immune responses after one dose were non-inferior to those seen in older cohorts from the Costa Rica, India, and Kenya (KEN SHE) studies. These findings support recent WHO and UK recommendations for one- or two-dose schedules in adolescents, while maintaining a three-dose schedule for immunocompromised individuals, including those living with HIV. This evidence represents a major step forward in simplifying global HPV vaccination strategies.