In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, a cross-sectional study of 2,000 girls and women aged 9–50 years across 18 urban quarters of Goma city found overall HPV prevalence (any of 28 genotypes) of 25.3% in the 9–14 age group, rising to 55.0% among 21–30-year-olds, with high-risk type prevalence reaching 44.2% in that same group. HPV 16/18 prevalence ranged from 3.0% in girls aged 9–14 to 8.6% in the 21–30 age group, using non-invasive urine collection via Colli-pee devices and RT-PCR analysis. Independent risk factors for infection included prior vaginal intercourse, multiple lifetime partners, and a partner who frequently slept away from home. These data establish a substantial and age-stratified HPV burden in eastern DRC in the context of poorly implemented screening and vaccination programmes, underscoring the urgency of both introducing HPV vaccination and expanding cervical cancer screening in the country.