China’s HPV vaccination landscape has significantly advanced with the recent approval of the first domestically produced nine-valent vaccine, Cecolin-9, in 2025. Alongside this, expanded indications now allow HPV vaccination for males aged 9–26. The country currently has multiple licensed vaccines, including domestic bivalent and imported quadrivalent and nine-valent options, ensuring broad supply capacity. By May 2025, 18 provinces and 25 pilot cities had adopted free or subsidized vaccination programs, covering nearly 59% of China’s female population. Plans are underway to transition from regional initiatives to a national immunization program by October 2025, coinciding with major national events focused on women’s health.