The Q&A session focused on Turkey’s centralized HPV screening program and its cost-effectiveness. Dr. Gultekin explained that initial large tenders and early adoption allowed screening costs to drop below USD 5 per woman, with new validated national kits expected to reduce this further to under USD 1. Questions addressed management of equivocal results (retesting is performed) and sample inadequacy, which has fallen below 0.5% due to process improvements. Concerns about lab capacity utilization were raised; plans include leveraging existing COVID-19 PCR infrastructure for HPV and potentially other STIs. Centralization was highlighted as key to cost reduction and scalability, though ensuring validated tests and sustainable ownership by ministries remains essential.