Nepal’s cervical cancer screening program, initiated in 2010, is embedded in its basic health service package, ensuring free access through public health facilities. Despite this policy, service availability remains limited, with only about 12% of facilities offering screening, predominantly VIA tests, and national coverage estimated at just 5.4%. Key milestones include the introduction of guidelines, training programs, and demonstration projects, alongside recent revisions aligning with WHO recommendations. Barriers to wider uptake persist, ranging from policy and infrastructural gaps to individual-level awareness and socio-cultural factors. Current initiatives focus on expanding screening sites, integrating HPV DNA testing, and strengthening health workforce capacity through continuous training. The program is further supported by multi-level governance structures, data integration into national health information systems, and plans for future HPV vaccination rollout to bolster prevention efforts.