India, home to 1.4 billion people, faces a significant burden of cervical cancer, which ranks as the second most common cancer among women, with approximately 75,000 new cases annually. To address this, a national population-based screening program using Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid (VIA) was launched in 2018 under the Ayushman Bharat initiative, targeting women aged 30 and above. This program is delivered through Health and Wellness Centres and supported by an ICT-based registry under the NPCDCS framework. Despite screening over 50 million women, challenges remain due to the vast eligible population, limited follow-up care, and gaps in infrastructure. Efforts are underway to expand HPV DNA testing and integrate the newly developed indigenous HPV vaccine (Cervavac) into the national immunization program. Future plans emphasize a hub-and-spoke care model to enhance access, strengthen prevention, and improve treatment outcomes nationwide.