In Rwanda, the HPV vaccine was introduced nationally in 2011 — the first country in Africa to do so — using a school-based approach initially targeting grade-level cohorts and since 2014 focusing on 12-year-old girls. The schedule evolved from three doses (2011–2015) to two doses (2015–2023) and to a single dose from 2024, based on NITAG recommendations covering immunogenicity, cost-effectiveness, and operational considerations. An IARC study demonstrated a 52% reduction in the prevalence of four high-risk HPV types (6, 11, 16, 18). Coverage has remained consistently high, tracked via DHIS2/HMIS eTracker. Rwanda has set a national plan (2024–2027) to eliminate cervical cancer by 2027, supported by strong government co-financing, Gavi partnership, and public-private collaboration. Future priorities include expanded school and community access, tailored SBC strategies, and stakeholder engagement across CBOs, FBOs, and CSOs.