The session reviewed global evidence underpinning the WHO’s 2022 recommendation for single-dose HPV vaccination. Data from pivotal trials in Costa Rica, India, and Kenya demonstrated sustained efficacy exceeding 80–90% against HPV 16/18 infection for over a decade. Immunogenicity studies confirmed durable antibody responses comparable to multi-dose schedules, with similar outcomes in boys and girls. Population-level studies in Thailand and South Africa validated real-world effectiveness, supporting accelerated single-dose adoption in national programs.